Located between the breathtaking Arazim and Sorek valleys, Motza is a place with a rich tapestry of history waiting to be discovered. This remarkable region boasts seasonal water flow and fertile soil, making it a haven for those seeking the beauty of nature.
Motza's significance can be traced back to biblical times, as mentioned in Joshua 18:26, where it is noted as part of the inheritance of the tribe of Benjamin. In the Talmud, specifically the tractate Sukkah, it is revealed that Motza was a gathering place for people who came to cut willows for the Beit Hamikdash, which were then brought to the Temple during Sukkot.
But the historical significance of Motza goes beyond its biblical roots. German archaeologist Peter Thiebe believed that Motza was the Road of Emmaus mentioned in the Gospel of Luke, where Jesus appeared after his resurrection. This road connected Emmaus to Jerusalem, a mere 10-12 kilometers away.
Motza has also witnessed the rise and fall of various settlements throughout the centuries. From the Roman settlement of Colonia Amosa to the Muslim conquest of Qalunya, the land has seen its fair share of change. In 1854, Baghdadi Jews purchased land in Motza for farming and even founded a tile factory. The year 1870 marked the establishment of the iconic Teperberg winery in this very place.
One individual who played a significant role in shaping Motza's history was David Yellin, originally from Poland. In 1860, he purchased more land from local Arabs. His son, Yehoshua Yellin, transformed a Byzantine-era hall into an inn, which later became a synagogue. The Yellin house, built in 1890, is now an Israel Heritage Site that has been beautifully reconstructed, offering visitors a glimpse into the area's rich past. The complex also houses the charming Alloro cafe, where one can indulge in delicious treats while immersing themselves in the historical ambiance.
Y. Yellin's influence extended beyond Motza, as he was one of the founders of the Nachalat Shiva neighborhood in Jerusalem. His son, David Yellin, became a central figure in the revival of the Hebrew language, championing the use of neologisms to breathe new life into the ancient tongue.
However, not all moments in Motza's history were filled with joy. In 1929, riots erupted, leading to the brutal attack and murder of Jews, causing many to flee the area. And in 1848, Qalunya, a nearby settlement, was depopulated, leaving behind a haunting reminder of the region's turbulent past.
For those seeking to delve into the depths of Motza's history, a visit to Tel Motza is a must. This archaeological excavation site was discovered in 1993 during the preparation for a highway, unearthing a treasure trove of artifacts and structures. From evidence of pre-pottery occupation to the grandeur of an Iron Age II temple with its monumental layout, including a royal granary, grain storage, and silos, Tel Motza holds a wealth of knowledge. For those intrigued by the spiritual aspects of ancient cultures, the site also reveals cultic remains such as an altar, offerings table, and a pit filled with bones and vessels, as well as intriguing figurines.
As you explore the Judean Hills be prepared to be captivated by the wonders of Motza. Its layered history, natural beauty, and archaeological treasures make it a destination that truly blossoms with every story it tells.